Leonberger

Small Poodle History of the Poodle The poodle is one of the old European dog breeds and was originally used as a water dog. It was strongly influenced and further developed in France in particular, which is why France is now considered the country of origin. Over time, the larger working dog developed into different size variants, including the small poodle. Later, the poodle became known primarily as an intelligent companion, show and family dog. Appearance Body shape: The Small Poodle has a harmonious, elegant and well-proportioned build. It appears neither clumsy nor fragile, but lively, proud and agile. Typical are the rather square overall impression, the fine but not weak bone structure and a springy, light movement. Coat: The coat is one of the most striking characteristics of the breed. It is dense, fine and strongly curled or formed in cords. The Small Poodle usually sheds very little, but needs regular and careful grooming. Nature/character The Small Poodle is considered to be very intelligent, attentive, playful and people-oriented. They learn quickly, enjoy working with their people and are often extremely adaptable. Many small poodles are friendly, alert and sensitive without being overly nervous. Thanks to their intelligence and keen powers of observation, they often react very clearly to the mood and everyday life of their caregivers. Grooming Grooming is more complex than many people initially think. The coat must be regularly brushed, combed and cut or clipped at sensible intervals so that it does not become matted. Ears, claws, teeth and eyes should also be checked regularly. Because the coat sheds so little, loose wool often gets caught in the coat and must be actively removed. Health The small poodle is generally considered to be a fairly robust and long-lived variety. Nevertheless, attention should be paid to responsible breeding. Depending on the line, patella problems, eye diseases, dental problems or hereditary diseases can play a role. Regular veterinary checks, good weight management and a reputable breeding base are important. Training The small poodle is generally very easy to train. It learns quickly, is attentive and often wants to work closely with its owner. It responds best to friendly, clear and consistent training. Harsh methods are unsuitable because many Poodles react sensitively. With early socialization, variety and meaningful mental activity, the small poodle usually develops into a very pleasant companion. What are the special features of this breed? What is special about this breed is the combination of intelligence, elegance and a great love of learning. The small poodle is usually much more than just a pretty companion dog. They are often very attentive, athletic and versatile, for example in everyday life, dog sports or mental tasks. They also have a special coat that sheds very little but requires a lot of grooming. Suitable for first-time dog owners? Yes, the small poodle is often very suitable for first-time dog owners. They are usually smart, cooperative and easy to train. The important thing is not to underestimate them. Even a small to medium-sized poodle needs training, activity and regular grooming. If you are prepared to do this, you will often find a very pleasant beginner's dog. Family dog or not? Yes, the small poodle is generally a very good family dog. They are usually friendly, playful and closely bonded to their humans. They generally feel very comfortable in a family with loving consistency, sufficient activity and respectful treatment. Due to its adaptability, it often suits both active families and quieter households.

Boston Terrier profileHistory of the Boston TerrierThe Boston Terrier originated in the USA as a companion dog. It was developed specifically as a compact, friendly companion dog and is now primarily known as a family and city dog.AppearanceBody shape: You will get a compact, short-backed, well-balanced dog with a "square" overall impression. Bone structure and musculature should match the weight so that the dog does not appear coarse or thin. Coat: The coat is short and close lying, with the typical "Tuxedo" markings (white markings) that are particularly characteristic of the Boston Terrier.Nature and characterAs a rule, you will meet a friendly, lively and very people-oriented dog with a good temperament and a great willingness to learn. Many Boston Terriers are playful, affectionate and like close family ties.GroomingGrooming is usually uncomplicated: regular brushing is often sufficient. Routine checks of eyes, ears, claws and teeth are more important, as the large eyes can be sensitive and small breeds benefit from dental care.HealthYou should pay particular attention to issues related to the short nose of this breed: Respiratory problems and heat sensitivity occur. Eye problems are also frequently mentioned; depending on the dog, knee problems (patellar luxation) can also play a role.TrainingYou can make good progress with friendly consistency and reward-based training. As some Boston Terriers react sensitively, a calm, clear structure of rules and signals suitable for everyday use (lead walking, calmness, staying alone) works particularly well.What special features does this breed haveThe Boston Terrier is a compact companion dog with a lot of charm, often very social and suitable for the city. At the same time, you should take their brachycephalic head shape seriously: Good management is important in heat, high humidity or heavy exercise.Suitable for first-time dog owners?Often yes: if you train consistently, in a friendly manner and keep an eye on health and heat issues, the breed can be very suitable for first-time owners.Family dog or not?In many cases, yes: Boston Terriers are often considered child-friendly and family-oriented as long as you actively instill rules, calmness and respectful behavior (especially due to their small size).

Wolfspitz - KeeshondHistory of the Scottish TerrierThe Wolfsspitz belongs to the German Spitz family and is considered a very old Central European breed. According to the FCI, the German Spitz descends from the Stone Age Torfhund and later the Pfahlbauspitz; in non-German-speaking countries, the Wolfsspitz is also known as the Keeshond.AppearanceThe Wolfsspitz is the largest representative of the German Spitz types. It is characterised by its luxuriant, protruding coat, the strong collar around the neck, the bushy tail carried over the back and the fox-like head with small, close-set ears. Body shape: Compact, harmonious, with a square build and upright, alert appearance.Coat: Very rich, weatherproof and stands out clearly due to the dense undercoat; mane, trousers and bushy tail are particularly striking. Nature/characterThe Wolfsspitz is considered to be alert, lively, very affectionate and extremely watchful. The VDH describes it as a social dog with a close family bond; at the same time, it is a typical guard and companion dog, which attentively reports its home and surroundings.GroomingDespite its thick coat, the Wolfsspitz is considered comparatively easy to care for if it is brushed thoroughly on a regular basis. The coat is functional, dense and often quite dirt-repellent, but requires considerably more grooming, especially when the coat changes.HealthThe FCI standard emphasises that only functionally and clinically healthy, breed-typical dogs should be used for breeding. In practice, this means that attention should be paid to serious breeding, documented health care and good general care. The standard itself does not provide a detailed list of typical breed diseases. EducationThe Wolfsspitz is intelligent and capable of learning, but needs clear, friendly and consistent leadership. Because it can be alert and independent, early socialisation, good everyday rules and controlled handling training with stimuli and visitors are particularly important. What are the special features of this breed?Its strong vigilance, its close bond with the family, its often good local loyalty and its distinctive, lion-like pointed coat are special. Unlike some hunting dogs, the Wolfsspitz is often easier to control in everyday life, but can be quite eager to bark if its alertness is not properly controlled. The VDH Breed Council expressly emphasises the statement on the Wolfspitz's local loyalty and the lack of or low hunting instinct.Suitable for first-time dog owners?Yes, often well suited. The Wolfsspitz can be a good choice for motivated beginners because it is people-orientated, suitable for everyday use and basically easy to handle. However, you should be able to deal with alertness, possible alert behaviour and consistent training. Family dog or not?Yes, very often a good family dog. The VDH expressly describes the Wolfsspitz as a social dog with a close family bond; several VDH sources emphasise it as an affectionate, friendly and alert family companion dog. It is usually very suitable for close involvement in everyday life.

The Shiba InuHistory of the Scottish TerrierThe Shiba Inu is a very old, original Japanese breed. Its natural habitat was in the mountainous areas around the Sea of Japan. There it was used for hunting birds and small game. The name Shiba originally refers to something small, i.e. a small dog. Over the course of time, the breed became rarer, but was later deliberately preserved and particularly valued in Japan.AppearanceBody shape: The Shiba Inu is a small to medium-sized, well-proportioned, compact and muscular dog. It appears alert, agile and self-assured. Typical features include the wedge-shaped head, the small triangular pricked ears and the tail carried curled over the back or in a sickle shape. Coat: The coat is double-layered. The outer coat is rather hard and straight, the undercoat soft and very dense. Overall, the coat provides good protection against the weather and looks clean, neat and functional.Nature/characterThe Shiba Inu is considered to be alert, courageous, lively and very independent. They can be loyal and affectionate towards familiar people, but often rather reserved towards strangers. Many Shibas are intelligent and clean, but at the same time strong-willed and not always keen to please their humans.GroomingGrooming is usually uncomplicated in everyday life. Regular brushing, about once or twice a week, is often sufficient. However, the Shiba Inu sheds much more when its coat changes, so more frequent brushing is advisable. Overall, the breed is considered to be rather clean.HealthThe Shiba Inu is basically a robust breed, but some health problems do occur. These include allergies, patellar luxation, hip dysplasia and hypothyroidism. Hereditary eye diseases can also play a role. Careful breeding selection and preventive examinations are therefore important.EducationTraining a Shiba Inu requires patience, consistency and a good feel for its character. He learns quickly, but is often independent and likes to test boundaries himself. Pressure or harshness usually achieves little with this breed. Calm, fair and clear training with positive reinforcement works best. Early socialisation and a reliable recall are very important, as many Shibas are motivated to hunt.What are the special features of this breed?The Shiba Inu is characterised by its strong self-confidence, its independence and its often cat-like cleanliness. Many animals show a very individual temperament and like to decide for themselves what they find useful. They also have the typical fox-like appearance with erect ears, curled tail and expressive gaze. Some Shibas are also known for the so-called Shiba cry, a conspicuous sound when they are very angry or upset.Suitable for first-time dog owners?Rather only to a limited extent. A Shiba Inu can also live well with beginners, but is usually not one of the easiest breeds to start with. Its independence, hunting instinct and often low desire to please make training and everyday management more demanding than with many more co-operative breeds. If you prepare well, remain clear and patient and train consistently, you can still get on well with him.Family dog or not? Yes, but not automatically for every family. In a calm, respectful and structured family, the Shiba Inu can be a good companion. However, it is not usually a dog that wants to cuddle all the time or go along with everything calmly. Fair behaviour, clear rules and children who respect his boundaries are important. Then it can prove to be a loyal and pleasant family dog.

The Fox TerrierHistoryClassic British hunting terrier. It was developed for work on and near the foxhole and largely shares its roots with the smooth-haired Fox Terrier.AppearanceActive, lively and full of substance in a small space. The standard emphasises balance, strength and an overall very functional appearance. Body shape: Short-backed, well-proportioned, athletic and enduring. The VDH traditionally compares him to a small hunting horse: covering a lot of ground, compact and ready to perform. Coat: The most distinctive feature is the harsh wire coat. It requires considerably more grooming than the smooth-haired Fox Terrier; trimming instead of clipping is usually necessary for a correct coat.Nature/CharacterVery spirited, courageous, alert, intelligent and adventurous. The VDH generally describes Fox Terriers as shrewd, charming and highly passionate about hunting. Grooming The Wirehaired Fox Terrier requires more grooming than the smooth-haired. Regular brushing and professional trimming are important to keep the structure and skin healthy.HealthAs with the smooth-haired, health depends greatly on the breeding line. For the Wirehaired Fox Terrier, it is especially important to pay attention to reputable breeding with traceable health care. In general, issues such as joints, eyes or skin are observed in terriers depending on the line.TrainingHe is clever and learns quickly, but also tests boundaries. Early, fair and consistent training is important, as is good socialisation and management of the hunting instinct.What are the special features of this breed?The Wirehaired Fox Terrier combines the typical terrier character with the distinctive harsh coat. He is often extremely lively, eager to work and not suited to a passive lifestyle.Suitable for first-time dog owners?Rather only to a limited degree. His temperament, hunting instinct and coat care make him more demanding than many other small dogs.Family dog or not?Yes, with the right people. In an active family with clear rules, training and exercise he can be a great companion. Without leadership and activity, he quickly becomes a handful.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel profileHistory of the Cavalier King Charles SpanielThe Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a British companion spaniel, bred as a friendly companion dog and closely related to the classic spaniel types from Great Britain.AppearanceBody shape: You get a small, active and graceful dog with a balanced build and gentle expression. Coat The coat is a trademark: silky, longer, with feathering on ears, chest, legs, paws and tail; it should not be trimmed.Temperament and characterThe standard describes the Cavalier as adventurous, affectionate and absolutely fearless, cheerful and friendly, without quarrelsomeness and without a tendency to nervousness.GroomingYou should brush the coat regularly to keep it free of tangles, especially on the ear feathers, chest and "pants". In addition, routine care should be given to ears, claws and teeth, as small companion dogs are often more sensitive in these areas.HealthTwo issues are particularly well known in this breed: myxomatous mitral valve disease (common and typical of the breed) and chiari-like malformation/syringomyelia (a neurological problem that is more common in the breed). When choosing a breeder, make sure that the examinations are transparent and discuss preventive care (heart check/echo, neurological examination in the event of symptoms) with your vet.TrainingThey usually do well with friendly consistency and reward training. Early socialization, calm development of staying alone and a recall suitable for everyday use are useful so that the dog also remains responsive outside.What special features does this breed haveThe Cavalier is often a very affectionate "close-to-you" dog that likes to be everywhere. At the same time, you should take heart health and possible neurological abnormalities seriously and manage stress and weight well.Suitable for first-time dog owners?Often yes: If you train them consistently but in a friendly manner and keep an eye on health issues (especially heart health), the breed is often well suited to first-time owners.Family dog or not?In many cases, yes: Cavaliers are usually considered to be very friendly and fond of children if you train them calmly and the dog gets enough closeness, exercise and clear rules.

The Icelandic Hound History of the Icelandic Hound The Icelandic Hound is the only recognized dog breed in Iceland. Its ancestors probably came to Iceland with the Vikings and were used there for centuries as versatile herding and farm dogs. The harsh climate and work with sheep and on remote farms had a strong influence on the breed. To this day, the Icelandic Hound is regarded as an original, robust Nordic herding spitz. Appearance Body shape: The Icelandic Hound is of medium size, rectangular in build and strong without appearing heavy. Typical features are the upright ears, the tail curled over the back and the alert, friendly expression. It appears agile, sure-footed and robust. Coat: The coat is very dense and weatherproof. There is a short-haired and a long-haired variety, both with a dense undercoat. The coat reliably protects against wetness, wind and cold and is therefore very well suited to the breed's origins. Nature/character The Icelandic Hound is considered to be cheerful, attentive, friendly and self-confident. It is very people-oriented, curious and usually open in contact. At the same time, it is alert and often barks, which is typical of a Hütespitz. He is usually affectionate, playful and cooperative with his family. Grooming Despite its abundance, the coat is usually quite easy to care for as long as it is brushed regularly. However, a lot of hair accumulates during the shedding period, so daily brushing and combing is advisable. Ears, claws, teeth and paws should also be checked regularly. Health The Icelandic Hound is generally considered to be a robust and hardy breed. Nevertheless, as with any breed, attention should be paid to responsible breeding, good weight management and regular veterinary checks. As with other medium-sized dogs, joint or eye problems can play a role in individual lines, even though the breed as a whole is considered to be comparatively pristine and functional. Training Training is often easy because the Icelandic Hound is usually cooperative, intelligent and people-oriented. However, it is important to steer their pronounced barking tendencies in a sensible direction right from the start. He needs clear rules, friendly consistency, early socialization and sufficient mental and physical activity. With suitable exercise, it is generally a pleasant and active companion. What are the special features of this breed? What is special about this breed is its original character as a Nordic Hütespitz. The Icelandic Hound is the only recognized dog breed in Iceland and is very alert, loves to move and loves to bark. Its friendly openness, robustness and often very good adaptation to active family life are also typical. The combination of spitz type, herding behavior and cheerful temperament makes him special. Suitable for first-time dog owners? Yes, the Icelandic Hound is often well suited to committed first-time dog owners. They are usually friendly, eager to learn and cooperative. However, you should not underestimate their barking nature and their need for exercise and activity. If you are prepared to put some effort into training and exercise, this breed can do very well. Family dog or not? Yes, the Icelandic Hound is generally a very good family dog. They are usually friendly, playful, affectionate and like to be close to their humans. They are particularly well suited to active families who enjoy exercising together and have a lively, attentive dog. However, because of his barking and temperament, he also needs clear structures in everyday family life.

Small Poodle History of the Poodle The poodle is one of the old European dog breeds and was originally used as a water dog. It was strongly influenced and further developed in France in particular, which is why France is now considered the country of origin. Over time, the larger working dog developed into different size variants, including the small poodle. Later, the poodle became known primarily as an intelligent companion, show and family dog. Appearance Body shape: The Small Poodle has a harmonious, elegant and well-proportioned build. It appears neither clumsy nor fragile, but lively, proud and agile. Typical are the rather square overall impression, the fine but not weak bone structure and a springy, light movement. Coat: The coat is one of the most striking characteristics of the breed. It is dense, fine and strongly curled or formed in cords. The Small Poodle usually sheds very little, but needs regular and careful grooming. Nature/character The Small Poodle is considered to be very intelligent, attentive, playful and people-oriented. They learn quickly, enjoy working with their people and are often extremely adaptable. Many small poodles are friendly, alert and sensitive without being overly nervous. Thanks to their intelligence and keen powers of observation, they often react very clearly to the mood and everyday life of their caregivers. Grooming Grooming is more complex than many people initially think. The coat must be regularly brushed, combed and cut or clipped at sensible intervals so that it does not become matted. Ears, claws, teeth and eyes should also be checked regularly. Because the coat sheds so little, loose wool often gets caught in the coat and must be actively removed. Health The small poodle is generally considered to be a fairly robust and long-lived variety. Nevertheless, attention should be paid to responsible breeding. Depending on the line, patella problems, eye diseases, dental problems or hereditary diseases can play a role. Regular veterinary checks, good weight management and a reputable breeding base are important. Training The small poodle is generally very easy to train. It learns quickly, is attentive and often wants to work closely with its owner. It responds best to friendly, clear and consistent training. Harsh methods are unsuitable because many Poodles react sensitively. With early socialization, variety and meaningful mental activity, the small poodle usually develops into a very pleasant companion. What are the special features of this breed? What is special about this breed is the combination of intelligence, elegance and a great love of learning. The small poodle is usually much more than just a pretty companion dog. They are often very attentive, athletic and versatile, for example in everyday life, dog sports or mental tasks. They also have a special coat that sheds very little but requires a lot of grooming. Suitable for first-time dog owners? Yes, the small poodle is often very suitable for first-time dog owners. They are usually smart, cooperative and easy to train. The important thing is not to underestimate them. Even a small to medium-sized poodle needs training, activity and regular grooming. If you are prepared to do this, you will often find a very pleasant beginner's dog. Family dog or not? Yes, the small poodle is generally a very good family dog. They are usually friendly, playful and closely bonded to their humans. They generally feel very comfortable in a family with loving consistency, sufficient activity and respectful treatment. Due to its adaptability, it often suits both active families and quieter households.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel profileHistory of the Cavalier King Charles SpanielThe Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a British companion spaniel, bred as a friendly companion dog and closely related to the classic spaniel types from Great Britain.AppearanceBody shape: You get a small, active and graceful dog with a balanced build and gentle expression. Coat The coat is a trademark: silky, longer, with feathering on ears, chest, legs, paws and tail; it should not be trimmed.Temperament and characterThe standard describes the Cavalier as adventurous, affectionate and absolutely fearless, cheerful and friendly, without quarrelsomeness and without a tendency to nervousness.GroomingYou should brush the coat regularly to keep it free of tangles, especially on the ear feathers, chest and "pants". In addition, routine care should be given to ears, claws and teeth, as small companion dogs are often more sensitive in these areas.HealthTwo issues are particularly well known in this breed: myxomatous mitral valve disease (common and typical of the breed) and chiari-like malformation/syringomyelia (a neurological problem that is more common in the breed). When choosing a breeder, make sure that the examinations are transparent and discuss preventive care (heart check/echo, neurological examination in the event of symptoms) with your vet.TrainingThey usually do well with friendly consistency and reward training. Early socialization, calm development of staying alone and a recall suitable for everyday use are useful so that the dog also remains responsive outside.What special features does this breed haveThe Cavalier is often a very affectionate "close-to-you" dog that likes to be everywhere. At the same time, you should take heart health and possible neurological abnormalities seriously and manage stress and weight well.Suitable for first-time dog owners?Often yes: If you train them consistently but in a friendly manner and keep an eye on health issues (especially heart health), the breed is often well suited to first-time owners.Family dog or not?In many cases, yes: Cavaliers are usually considered to be very friendly and fond of children if you train them calmly and the dog gets enough closeness, exercise and clear rules.

The AkitaHistory of the AkitaOriginally from the Akita region: early "Akita Matagi" (e.g. bear hunting). Later (from 1600s/1800s) used for dog fighting and crossbreeding (e.g. Tosa/Mastiff) → after fighting was banned and after the Second World War, targeted reconstruction to the current type. Note: In the FCI system there is also the American Akita as a separate breed (Standard 344).AppearanceBody shape: large, strong, well-proportioned dog with plenty of substance; high-set, firmly curled tail.Coat: very dense, weatherproof double coat; distinct seasonal shedding.Temperament/characterAccording to the standard: calm, loyal, obedient, receptive. In everyday life, Akitas are often described as dignified/independent and strongly protection-oriented - they need clear leadership and good socialization.GroomingGrooming: all year round, with a strong "coat blow" 1-2×/year (lots of undercoat). Brushing: ideally on a regular basis (significantly more often during coat change phases), otherwise the fur ends up everywhere and the undercoat can build up.HealthFrequently mentioned topics (depending on the line/individual): Hip dysplasia Underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) Skin/autoimmune issues such as sebaceous adenitis (inflammation of the sebaceous glands)EducationConsistent, fair, calm - and very good socialization early on (people, environment, other dogs). Akitas are considered independent and can become difficult towards other dogs (especially same-sex dogs), which is why management/training is important.What special features does this breed haveStrong protective/guarding instinct and often reserved towards strangers. Dog compatibility can be challenging (often same-sex incompatibility). Massive shedding - vacuum cleaner is "roommate".Suitable for first-time dog owners?Rather not ideal: often recommended for people with dog experience, because size + independence + protective instinct require consistent, proactive handling.Family dog or not?With a calm, dog-experienced family it can work - but many sources advise caution with small children (among other things because of size, reserve and potential for conflict if boundaries are not respected).

The MastiffHistory of the Scottish TerrierThe Mastiff is a very old British dog breed. Long before the Battle of Agincourt in the early 15th century, it was known for its courage and guarding instinct. The FCI standard also mentions that the Romans found mastiff-like dogs in Britain and were so impressed by them that they took some animals with them to Rome.AppearanceBody shape: The Mastiff is a very large, massive, broad and deep-set dog with a powerful, symmetrical body. Typical features include its enormous substance, broad chest, powerful head and overall impressive, dignified appearance. Despite its size, it should appear harmonious and well-proportioned. Coat: The coat is short, dense and lies close to the body. It should be robust and functional, without long or soft hair. Typical colours are apricot, fawn and brindle, each with the breed-typical dark mask.Nature/characterThe Mastiff is considered calm, dignified, courageous and closely attached to his family. In the standard, it is described as a combination of size and courage, as well as being affectionate towards its people and capable of guarding. Many representatives of the breed appear calm, serious and self-confident without being hectic or nervous.GroomingGrooming is generally rather uncomplicated. The short coat requires regular brushing, especially when shedding. In addition, ears, claws, teeth and skin folds in the head area should be checked. Due to its size, the Mastiff also needs sufficient space, good lying areas and careful weight management in everyday life. HealthLike many very large and heavy dog breeds, the Mastiff also has special health requirements. Responsible breeding, controlled growth, a suitable body weight and joint-friendly exercise as a young dog are important. Depending on the line, joint problems, heart problems or stomach torsion can play a role. EducationTraining should be calm, clear and very consistent. The Mastiff is usually not hectic, but due to its size and strength, it definitely needs to be led. Early socialisation, good everyday rules and safe walking on the lead are particularly important. Harsh methods are unsuitable because they tend to damage trust and co-operation. What are the special features of this breed?The Mastiff's greatest characteristic is its enormous physical presence. It is one of the heaviest dog breeds of all and combines this mass with a mostly calm, dignified nature. It is precisely this mixture of composure, alert instinct and enormous strength that makes him so special. In everyday life, however, this also means a great deal of responsibility.Suitable for first-time dog owners?Rather no. Although the Mastiff can be calm and good-natured in character, its size, strength and the demands placed on its behaviour, health and training make it too demanding for most first-time dog owners. A very well-informed beginner with the right support and suitable environment could cope with him, but overall the breed is more suited to experienced owners. Family dog or not?Conditionally yes. Within a suitable family, the Mastiff can be very affectionate, loyal and calm. However, it is not suitable as an uncomplicated family dog for every household. It is more suited to calm, experienced people with plenty of space and a sure instinct for large dogs. Because of its size alone, living together must be well organised.

The Small Münsterländer History of the Scottish Terrier The Kleiner Münsterländer is an old German hunting dog breed from the Münsterland region. Its development began in the 19th century, when long-haired quail dogs were already known in the region. These dogs were considered to be willing to track, willing to point and strong retrievers. In 1912, the Association for Small Münsterland Pointing Dogs was finally founded and the planned breeding of the breed began. Appearance Body shape: The Kleiner Münsterländer is a medium-sized, harmoniously built and athletic dog with a lot of expression and elegance. The body is slightly longer than the height at the withers, strong but not heavy. It appears agile, persistent and powerful. Coat: The coat is shiny, dense and not too long. It is usually smooth or slightly wavy on the body. Typical are the well-defined feathering on the front and hind legs and the clearly feathered tail. Nature/character The Kleiner Münsterländer is considered intelligent, attentive, friendly and spirited. He is strongly orientated towards his owner, learns quickly and enjoys working with him. At the same time, it is a passionate hunting dog with lots of energy, prey drive and stamina. In everyday family life, he is often affectionate and even-tempered if he is kept sufficiently occupied. Grooming Grooming is generally easy to manage. Regular brushing helps to remove loose hair, dirt and small tangles. After walks in fields, woods and undergrowth, the coat, ears and paws should be checked, as burrs or parasites can easily get stuck there. Claws and teeth also need regular grooming. Health The Kleiner Münsterländer is generally regarded as a robust and capable breed. Nevertheless, as with all medium-sized hunting dogs, attention should be paid to responsible breeding, healthy growth and a suitable body weight. Depending on the line, joint problems or eye issues can play a role. The general robustness is well supported by the many years of hunting use, the possible diseases are a cautious professional categorisation. Education Training should be friendly, clear and consistent. The Kleiner Münsterländer is smart and co-operative, but can also be easily distracted due to its hunting disposition. Early socialisation, reliable recall and a sensible combination of exercise, nose work and mental exercise are particularly important. Harsh methods are unsuitable because they can put a strain on co-operation.  What are the special features of this breed? What is special about this breed is the combination of closeness to the family and a genuine hunting disposition. The Kleiner Münsterländer is not a pure companion dog, but a versatile pointing dog with a great deal of willingness to search, tracking ability and stamina. He is often very sensitive to working with his human and needs tasks that suit his nature. It is precisely this mixture of elegance, willingness to work and strong bond that makes him special. Suitable for first-time dog owners? Conditional. A committed and well-informed first-time dog owner can do well with a Kleiner Münsterländer if sufficient time, exercise and activity are planned. However, the breed is not easy because it is motivated by hunting and needs consistent training. If you are looking for a calm, undemanding beginner's dog, this breed is usually not the ideal choice. Family dog or not? Yes, the Kleiner Münsterländer can be a good family dog. He is often friendly, affectionate and people orientated. However, it is particularly suitable for active families who enjoy exercise, training and spending time together. Without sufficient exercise, this intelligent hunting dog will quickly become underchallenged in everyday life.